Defra 2025 final yield estimates show reduced yields for all main cereal crops compared to 2024, except for winter barley.
Defra’s final estimate of the 2025 UK wheat harvest is 12 million tonnes, an increase of 7.3% on 2024. This is due to a 9.1% increase in area to 1.7 million hectares, tempered by a 1.7% decrease in yield to 7.2 tonnes/ha.
The barley harvest is estimated at 6.4 million tonnes, a decrease of 10% on 2024. Spring barley saw a 16% fall in production and a 5.4% fall in yield, whereas winter barley saw a 1.2% increase in production and a 7.2% increase in yield.
In 2025, oat production fell by 2.3% to 963 thousand tonnes. This is due to an increase in area (8.8% to 198 thousand hectares) and a decrease in yield (10% to 4.9 tonnes per hectare).
Oilseed rape production increased by 7.0% to 893 thousand tonnes in 2025. A decrease in area of 18% was offset by a higher yield, up 30% from 2024 to 3.7 tonnes per hectare.
For the full report visit: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/cereal-and-oilseed-rape-production/cereal-and-oilseed-production-in-the-united-kingdom-2025
